Lake Effect Snow Forecasting tools
Current GOES geostationary satellite data
http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/data/wisc/
http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/ramsdis/online/goes-west_goes-east.asp
850 mb wind direction and Temp---current
http://www.rap.ucar.edu/weather/upper/
850 mb model forecasts:
http://weather.rap.ucar.edu/model/
Lake
Superior surface temperature
https://coastwatch.glerl.noaa.gov/satellite-data-products/surface-temperature-contours-maps/
Buoy data: https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/obs.shtml
Fetch length --- use Google Earth and measuring
tools with wind direction
Opposing bay? --- use Google Earth and measuring
tools with wind direction
Inversion
layer height: radiosondes (Stuve diagrams also available through AMS website)
International
Falls:
Pickle Lake, Ontario
Moosonee, Ontario
Minneapolis
Synoptic weather patterns:
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/html/sfcloop/radsfcus_exp_test.html
Topographic lift factor:
The maximum elevation of the
Keweenaw is about 1466 ft asl
and for the UP about 2000 ft asl. For any specific
site you should take the elevation in feet and subtract 600 (lake level)
Wind shear evidence: Use Inversion layer radiosondes
Upstream lake: Use Google Earth and wind direction plus ice cover
Upstream moisture factor: Use 850 mb
maps for upstream dewpoints or relative humidity
Cyclonic
curvature: Look at 850 mb maps
Snow/ice
cover issues:
MODIS visible satellite imagery for western Great Lakes: http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?subset=USA3
MODIS visible satellite imagery for central Canada (upstream): http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/subsets/?subset=AERONET_Pickle_Lake
MODIS visible satellite imagery for Lake Superior: https://coastwatch.glerl.noaa.gov/satellite-data-products/modis/
U.S. National Ice Center Great Lakes Ice Analysis:https://www.glerl.noaa.gov/res/glcfs-fvcom/erie/nic_thick_latest.png
Lake Effect snow storm case study:
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/arch/cases/961109/home.rxml
